Hacking as a Metaphor: How #russianhacking Influenced Cybersecurity Discourse

Justin Flick

California State University - Chico

Keywords: Metaphor Theory, Natural Language Processing, Sentiment Analysis, Social Media, Fear Appeals Model, George Lakoff, Cybersecurity, Rhetorical Analysis


Abstract

Grounded in George Lakoff’s theory of metaphor, “Hacking as a Metaphor” takes a holistic view of the use of the term  “hacking” in the American lexicon. Through both quantitative (sentiment analysis) and qualitative analysis, this paper argues that hacking has become a singular metaphor and examines the implications of its overuse.