Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis: Is It More than Just Genetics?
Mckenzy Klocker
Abstract
About 1.4 million American’s suffer from Crohn’s disease, a relapsing, systemic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite ongoing research, the etiology of Crohn’s disease remains uncertain and Crohn’s disease has continued to be on the rise. However, research in genetics, microbial dysbiosis, and environmental influences have provided new insights on disease development. Studies have identified that affected patients have an impaired intestinal barrier associated with NOD2/CARD15 gene, reduced antimicrobial activity, and various environmental factors, all of which may trigger Crohn’s disease. These studies indicate that those who are genetically susceptible must also be influenced by various environmental and immune factors. Future studies should aim toward identifying risk factors in order to reduce flare ups and develop more effective treatment. Understanding the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease can help lead to more efficient diagnosis, prevent permanent damage, and help choose the best form of treatment for each patient.
